Synonyms
Synonyms are words that have the same or very similar
meaning. All words can have a synonym. Nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs and
prepositions can have a synonym as long as both words are the same part of
speech.
Examples of Synonyms:
Adjectives: beautiful, lovely, gorgeous,
stunning, striking
Nouns: House, home, dwelling, residence,
abode, quarters
Verbs: jump, bound, leap, hop, skip
Prepositions: in, inside, within
Antonyms
Antonyms are words that have opposite meanings. For
example, the antonym of long is short. Often words will have more than one
antonym but as with synonyms it depends on the context. For instance, the word
warm could have the antonym cool or chilly. In order to choose the correct
antonym, you have to look at all the meanings and how the word is used. Cool
can mean stylish as well as chilly so the word cool may not be the best choice.
Types of
Antonyms:
1.Graded
antonyms are word pairs that have variations between the two
opposites.
a. Sane and crazy
b. Rich and poor
c. Cool and hot
d. Wet and dry
e. Late and early
f. Ignorant and educated
2. Relational
antonyms are pairs that have a relationship.
a. Servant and master
b. Borrow and lend
c. parent and child
3. Complimentary
antonyms are word pairs that have no degree of meaning.
a. Leave and arrive
b. Pre and post
c. Question
and answer
d. Single
and married
e. Hired and fired
4. Adding
a Prefix
Sometimes,
an antonym can be easily made by adding a prefix.
Examples of antonyms that were made by adding the prefix “un” are:
a.Likely and unlike
b. Able and unable
By adding
the prefix “non” you can make these pairs:
a. Entity and nonentity
b. Conformist
and nonconformist
Lastly,
adding the prefix “in” can make the following pairs:
a. Tolerant and intolerant
b. Decent and indecent
c. Discreet
and indiscreet
d.Excusable and inexcusable
Homonym
Two or more word have that the same
sound or speeling but the different meaning. Generally, the term homonym refers both to homophones (words that are pronounced the same but have different meanings, such as pair and pear)
and to homogrhaps (words that are spelled the same but
have different meanings, such as "bow your head" and "tied in a bow").
For example: the word “right”
can related to the directional right or it can also mean correct if you.
Hyponym
REFERENCES
http://grammar.about.com/od/fh/g/hyponymterm.htm
ekarisqilatul.blogspot.com/.../synonym-antonym-hypernym-hyponym-homonym_9.html
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